俞強：醫療傳教士雒魏林的屬靈生命

载《中国基督教研究》2017年第9期

网址：https://ccspub.cc/jrcc/article/view/269

俞強（浙江省社会科学院）

摘要：雒魏林（William Lockhart）是英國倫敦會派往中國的第一位醫療傳教士，兩次前來中國，在中國服務近二十五年。創辦了上海仁濟醫院和北京協和醫院，為西方醫學在中國傳播做出了不可磨滅的貢獻。目前，研究雒魏林的成果不多，主要散見於中國近代醫療史和近代來中國傳教士研究領域，主要注重其在中國的醫療傳教工作成果。本文無意再複述和強調這一方面，願在所獲得的一批新的資料——雒魏林家族的往來通信的基礎上，從一位基督徒、傳教士的屬靈生命的角度來探討其在中國服務期間的屬靈情況，或許可以從一個全新的角度來看近代來中國的西方傳教士。

关键词：雒魏林、传教士、属灵生命

• 引言

這篇小文章也許不能算是一份合格的歷史學論文，因為我不會用太多的篇幅來描述這位來中國的醫療傳教士的歷史活動，也不會太關注其世俗活動，比如建醫院、給病人看病、傳播福音。我所關注的是雒魏林作為一名基督徒，一位傳教士的宗教情感和宗教生活。通過瞭解他在來中國前的宗教背景和宗教生活，我們會發現他蒙召來中國傳福音的屬靈背景；通過觀察他在中國所遇到的一些場合，比如遇到戰爭、事工受阻、親人離世等情景下表現出來的宗教情感，我們能深切地體驗到他虔誠的屬靈生命。或許，他在中國所做的世俗的事工，到現在已經被世人淡忘，如果你不特意向大眾介紹上海仁濟醫院和北京協和醫院的教會醫院的歷史，前去看病的病人幾乎無人知道它們的創辦人雒魏林。但是，通過閱讀雒魏林家族的書信，我們卻能切切感受到這位傳教士在地上做鹽做光的屬靈生命。這種屬靈的生命是永生的，無法抹去的。

所以，在寫這篇小文章的時候，我自己的屬靈生命也得到增長。這個果效是顯而易見的。按照我所接受的史學訓練和以往研究的路數，我在看這批信件的時候，可能會集中在雒魏林所做的那些世俗的事工，怎麼建造醫院，看了多少病人，散發了多少聖經傳單等等。但是，這次再讀，吸引我的卻是書信中大量的屬靈的內容，比如雒魏林與父親、姐姐討論聖經；在他遇到困難的時候的禱告。對於一位傳教士來說，這種屬靈的生命才是一種最美好的見證。

• 資料的介紹

目前學界研究雒魏林使用的資料主要是CWM的關於倫敦會的檔案中所保存的雒魏林與倫敦會的來往信件和報告。還有雒魏林自己所撰的一本帶有自傳性質的書《在中國的醫療傳教士：20年經驗的記錄》。這本書於1861年在倫敦出版。當時，他恰好第二次前往中國，因此在書的封面上標注的時期為“從1838到1858”。書中的大部分內容是講中國人的生活和風俗習慣，以及在中國的醫療傳教的歷史。但是，它仍然不失為一份相當好的傳記資料。除此之外，就是一些散見於同時代傳教士的著述當中的片言只語。

支撐起我這篇小文章的資料，除了上述檔案和書籍，最主要的還是雒魏林的玄孫Alan P. Hughes，所謄寫編輯的雒魏林家族的通信。1995年，Hughes先生把雒魏林的一些通信捐贈給了倫敦大學的亞非學院，並且根據信件的內容撰寫了一部雒魏林小傳。這些信件大部分是出自雒魏林的手稿。Hughes先生按照時間順序編排，整理出這些手稿。這份通信集的信件的時間段主要集中在1833-1834年其在都柏林和倫敦學習期間和1841-1844年其初次來華期間。其中大約有85封是他寫的，其餘39封信是他父親和姐妹寫給他的。這些信件提供了大量的家族和當地的資訊，記載了當時發生的事件，而且還有相當長的篇幅討論了宗教情感和思想。所以，這份雒魏林的通信集能展示出一個完整的雒魏林的屬靈生命過程，我相信能推進學界對雒魏林的研究。

• 雒魏林生平簡介

以往學術界對雒魏林的生平介紹以來華之後的情況為詳，主要是參考了偉列亞力（Alexander Wylie）所著《Memorials of Protestant missionaries to the Chinese》中關於雒魏林（William Lockhart）的記述和雒魏林所著帶有自傳性質的書《在中國的醫療傳教士：20年經驗的記錄》。

反而對雒魏林的家族歷史和早期的情況不甚了了。下麵，我就結合其玄孫Hughes先生所撰之《雒魏林小傳》，把這段歷史情況稍作補充。

雒魏林（William Lockhart）於1811年10月3日出生在利物浦。他的祖父是湯姆斯·洛克哈特（Thomas Lockhart），早在1775年就來此定居了。洛克哈特是一個蘇格蘭（Scottish）家族。據推測，其祖先可能傳自於1230年把裝有羅伯特布魯斯心臟的骨灰盒送到聖地的騎士。關於湯姆斯祖上的情況，我基本上不清楚，但是我知道他和一個來自倫敦德裏郡（London derry）的姑娘相識並結婚了。這個姑娘的祖上在蘇格蘭是一個強烈反對國教的人，其中一個還在1685年拒絕承認詹姆斯（James）為教會領袖的運動中被克拉夫豪斯（Claverhouse）槍殺。他們本打算移民到美洲，但是卻在利物浦定居下來。在利物浦，他們在戴爾大街（Dale Street）開了一家紙廠（Paper warehouse）。他的妻子，安妮·布萊克（Anne Black）是一個精力充沛、擁有良好品質的女人。他們的事業非常興旺發達。1806年，他的丈夫去世之後，安妮繼續經營著生意。但是他們主要的興趣還是在宗教上，他們是伯賽大教堂（Bethesda chapel）熱心的支持者。

湯姆斯和安妮一共生育了6個孩子，其中3個在嬰兒時就夭折了。唯一一個倖存的男孩是塞繆爾·布萊克·洛克哈特（Samuel Black Lockhart）。他出生於1781年11月17日，後來成為當時英國第二大港的利物浦港的海關的高級官員。1805年，他和當地的一個姑娘伊莉莎白·拉塞爾（Elizabeth Lassell）結婚。他們一共生育了5個孩子，但是只有兩個孩子存活了，就是威廉（注：即雒威廉）和1807年出生的姐姐伊莉莎白（Elizabeth）。一個哥哥湯姆斯（Thomas）在他15歲的時候去世了。他們的母親在1816年也去世了，當時他們還很小。他們是在父親和祖母安妮（Anne）的撫養下長大的。

他們是一個非常親密的家庭。他們的父親，看上去是一個相當嚴厲和虔誠的人，對子女卻非常慷慨，充滿了愛心。他們之間的感情充滿溫暖和幽默，其樂融融。他們是一個富裕的中產階級家庭，與利物浦的生意和行業上的朋友保持著密切的聯繫。孩子們都受到了良好的教育。威廉接受了外科醫生的訓練。在他的一封信中，他總是提到父親給他的機會，並表示深切的謝意。的確，作為父親，他意識到他的兒子應該有足夠的金錢，不應該節制他的購物欲望。而且，祖母也不時地給威廉5英鎊或者10英鎊的零花錢。用現在的幣值來換算，相當於50倍的金錢，真是一大筆錢啊。在家中也有一個相當好的文化環境，有一個相當規模的圖書館，還有家族遺傳下來的許多早期繪畫大師的作品，包括卡納萊托（Canaletto）、普珊（Poussin）、特尼爾斯（Tenniers）、範德梅爾（Vandermeer）、克勞德洛蘭（Claude Lorraine）和呂斯達爾（Ruysdael）的作品。

關於威廉的學校生活，我知之甚少。好像是，他跟著哥哥、姐姐在彭布羅克（Pembroke Place）的一所學校讀書。在那裏，他們一起學習法語和拉丁文。當然，他接受了很好的教育，而且也是一個聰明的學生。我們不知道究竟是什麼讓他決定成為一名醫生的，但是早在1830年5月份，他的姐姐伊莉莎白就已經稱他為“醫生”了。那個時候專業的醫學機構還處於萌芽期。當然，醫生的職業已經有很長的時間了，但是卻被劃分為幾個不同的類別。內科醫師（Physician）是屬於精英分子，一般在牛津、劍橋和皇家學院裏面接受訓練。他們的數量很少，而且一般也只為富人服務。外科醫師（Surgeon）不過是一個小小的技師，在一定程度上和理髮師同屬於一個行會。後來，藥劑師（Apothecary）填補了兩者之間的空缺，他們有能力給大部分人開處方治療，毫無疑問的是他們的失誤率要低於外科醫師。18世紀以來，外科醫師的技術大大提高，已經從理髮師的行列獨立出來，成立了專門的外科醫師學院（the College of Surgeons）。他們的地位得到很大的改善。大部分醫生都是先從藥劑師開始訓練，需要5年的學徒期，然後才能獲得外科醫師的資格。這些醫生才開始作為全科醫生（General practitioners）被大家所認可。威廉很清楚地決定要走這一條路。他跟隨當地的一個藥劑師帕克先生（Mr. Parke）做學徒。1833年3月，在他22歲的時候，他去了都柏林（Dublin）的米斯醫院（Meath Hospital）。在這裏，他在威廉·斯多克斯醫生（Dr. William Stokes）的指導下學習。威廉·斯多克斯醫生是當時最傑出的內科醫師之一，也是第一部聽診器使用條例的作者。他全身心地投入到學習當中，甚至不去交朋友以免影響自己的學習。他參加解剖學的講座，在醫院裏查房，他在斯多克斯醫生的指導下照顧5張床位，還參加解剖學的課程。在他寫的一封信中，他說到，曾經從解剖室購買嬰兒的屍體拿回自己的房間練習。他在都柏林呆了5個月，按照現在的標準來看根本不算很長的時間。7月底，他回到利物浦的家中做短暫的停留。9月底，他去了倫敦。10月3日，他通過了考試，獲得了藥劑師的資格（LSA）。他繼續在蓋斯醫院（Guy's Hospital）學習，第二年的4月29日他以優異的成績考入外科醫師學院，還獲得了基先生外科醫生獎（Mr. Key's Surgical Prize）。他是一個嚴肅的年輕人，大部分時間都用在學習上，或者去各種各樣的教會和教堂做侍奉。他的社交生活嚴格限制在家族範圍內，儘量不去結交新的朋友，他認為新朋友會讓自己分心。在倫敦的時候，他和好朋友愛德華·帕克在一起住過一段時間。愛德華·帕克就是他以前做過學徒的帕克先生的兒子。他在學生時代肯定放棄了不少正常的消遣活動。而且，儘管他從不提及，但是我們很清楚地知道他是滴酒不沾的。他最喜歡的娛樂活動就是走很長的路去參觀訪問自己感興趣的地方，有時候一天走上20多英里也無所謂。這種生活方式他堅持了好多年。

威廉的家庭是一個堅定的“非國教”徒（non-conformists）。就像我們看見的那樣，他的祖母來自於一個因宗教信仰而受難的家庭，而且他的父親也是一個有很深宗教情感的人，還是利物浦的貝塞大教堂和倫肖大街（Renshaw Street）上的紐因頓教堂（Newington Chapel）的堅定支持者。和他們通信的大多數都是神父和牧師，至少有一個家庭成員是“非國教”的牧師。這是一個偉大的宗教復興時代。許多大的教會和教堂建立起來，接納了越來越多的各個教派的信徒。數百人的集會非常普遍。^[1]

後面關於雒魏林來華之後的生平，就以偉列亞力（Alexander Wylie）所著《Memorials of Protestant missionaries to the Chinese》中關於雒魏林（William Lockhart）的記述為主，附記於此，作為後文論述的一個線索。

雒魏林被倫敦會（London Missionary Society）委派為去中國的醫療傳教士後，於1838年7月31日同麥都思先生（Mr. Medhurst）及其家人搭乘喬治四世號（The George the Fourth）輪船離開格雷夫森德（Gravesend），啟程前往中國。在11月中旬到達巴達維亞（Batavia）。1839年1月底到達廣東（Canton），參與醫療傳道會（Medical Missionary Society）的工作。在一開始夏天的三個月時間裏，他獲委派來管理在澳門（Macau）的，伯駕醫生（Dr. Parker）一手創辦的醫院。在廣東學習了近六個星期的中文之後，他於2月28日前往澳門，但是由於當時的政治事件阻止他返回廣東。於是，在7月1日，他開始在醫院的工作。但是，由於英國居民被迫離開這個葡萄牙的殖民地，這項工作於8月21日中止。預計到中英之間的友好關係將會中斷，他於9月7日離開中國前往巴達維亞，在那裏他在麥都思的指導下繼續學習中文。1840年5月，他再次返回澳門，並於8月1日重新開辦醫院。在此之前，合信醫生（Dr. Hobson）和Diver已經到達澳門，醫療傳道會名下的醫院已經交由他們來管理。

雒魏林於8月底前往舟山群島（the island of Chusan）的定海（Ting-hae）。當時定海已經處於英國軍隊的佔領之下。1840年9月13日到1841年2月22日，他在定海為當地的老百姓開了一家醫院。由於英國政府撤出了舟山，他也於2月24日離開舟山，第二個月回到澳門。在那裏，不久他就和Catherine Parkes結婚。

1842年，南京條約簽訂之後，他前往香港一直逗留到1843年春天。在這期間，他主管醫療傳道會在這個殖民地的醫院大樓。6月13日他到達舟山，幾天後，他把妻子留在那裏，又和美魏茶（Rev. W. C. Milne）前往寧波（Ningpo），一直呆到7月7日。美魏茶開始穿越內地前往廣東的旅行之後，雒魏林返回舟山，又重新開辦了一家醫院。11月8日，他前往上海（Shanghae），20號就返回了舟山。後來，在12月中旬，他又隨同從香港北上路過舟山的麥都思一道離開舟山，途徑寧波，到達上海。1844年1月中旬，他臨時返回定海，關閉醫院，帶著夫人前往上海。2月中旬又在上海開辦了一家醫院。1846年，他主要依靠當地的捐款建造了一棟新的、寬敞的醫院樓，在其後定居在上海的時期裏，他一直在這裏繼續從事慈善醫療工作。

1848年3月8日，他在距離上海30英里的青浦（Tsing-poo）遭到船民的攻擊，僥倖逃出。1852年，由於健康的原因，雒魏林夫人攜帶孩子於5月1日返回英格蘭。1857年初，雒魏林也離開上海回國，於1858年1月29日經過埃及和法國到達英格蘭。此時，他當選為倫敦的英國皇家外科學院院士（F. R. C. S）。他在英國一直呆到1861年6月初，然後經過埃及又返回中國，7月22日到達香港，8月9日到達上海，接著於30號乘坐飛龍（Fei-Loong）號汽船前往天津（Teen-tsin），9月份到達北京（Peking）。在北京，他建立了一所醫院，開始傳教站的工作，一直逗留到1864年春天。然後南下上海，4月中匆忙訪問了漢口（Hankow）。返回上海之後，5月份又開始了他的日本之行，訪問了橫濱（Yokohama）和江戶（Yedo），於6月初返回上海，登上當月6日前往歐洲的第一班郵輪，於8月14日到達英格蘭，從此一直積極參與支持中國的傳教活動。^[2]

1867年，他从伦敦会的海外宣教事务部门退休，但是仍然对传教活动保持极大的熱情。他当选为伦敦会的理事，并且在1869-70年度担任主席。直到去世，他始终是一个活跃的理事。1892年，他把自己的收藏中国古籍和手稿，以及著作的图书馆捐赠给了伦敦会。图书馆里收藏了大约2600多册书籍和大量的包括15种语言的小册子。

1896年4月29日威廉在生病两天后在布莱克海斯去世，下葬在伦敦的阿博尼公墓（Abney Park cemetery）。葬礼在刘易舍姆教会舉行。[3]

• 屬靈生命：虔誠、順服、謙卑、事奉

這批雒魏林家族的信件，如果按照時間階段來劃分的話，基本上可以劃分為兩個大的階段，即早年的學習生活和差派到中國傳教兩個階段。其中，後者又可以劃分為三個小的階段，即初入中國，在廣東、澳門、香港和浙江沿海（包括寧波和舟山）活動階段；上海傳教和成立仁濟醫院階段；北上京津階段。

（1）早年學習生活的屬靈生命

從上文生平記錄來看，雒魏林出生一個虔誠的基督徒家庭。早年雒魏林離家，在都柏林和倫敦醫學院學習階段。從信件的日期和他與家人（主要是父親和姐姐）在信件中的約定看，基本上保持著有規律的通信，按照當時郵路快慢，一般每月通信兩次。在這些信件中，除了介紹自己的學習和生活情況，有大量的篇幅記述他的宗教生活和信仰討論。每週都有參加主日崇拜，有時還去主日學和教會學校。他父親和姐姐在信中也非常關心他的宗教生活，多次督促他去主日學和閱讀有關屬靈的書籍，並與他討論，有的信件中甚至超過三分之二的篇幅都在討論信仰問題。

比如，1810年12月1日雒魏林寫給父親的一封信中，就充滿熱情地討論“什麼是宗教之美”。

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Mr. Lockhart

Gill St

Liverpool

1st December 1810(1820?)

Dear sir, If you expect a minute account of any particular circumstance that first led me to see a beauty in Religion I fear I shall not be able to inform you to your satisfaction. Some time past I was convinced (by conversing with a young lady who is eminently pious) that “the ways of Religion were pleasant and all her paths peace”. Often hearing my friend speak of her unworthiness, I was rather surprised and it led me to think if she was I certainly must be so upon examining I found that of myself I could do nothing towards the saving og my soul and I trust was enable to put entire confidence in him bore my Sins “in his oen body on the tree and who is able to save to the uttermost all that come into God by him” The advice Miss N used to give me was “Cleave to God with full purpose of heart persevering grace will carry you on then happiness is sure Heaven is sure and all the way to it paved with pleasure.” She persuade me to read the Scriptures seriously and attentively as first I thought it an arduous task to read a Chapter a day but before I have read very far I began to see a beauty in the Bible which I had never observed in any other book and I trust God has explained his own word to me if God has indeed begun a good work in my heart and enable me to lay hold on the hope of eternal life. I convinced it must be from free and sovereign grace and not on account of any thing that there is in me to recommend me to his mercy for I am a poor guilty sinful and unworthy creature -- being desirous to be a sincere follower of the Lamb whithersoever he goth I think it my duty as well as my priviledge to partake of the ordinance of the Lord’s Supper Should you and the rest of the Church as Bethesda admit me in communion with you? I beg to have an interest in your prayer that I may bring no reproach on the name of Christ but may spring and grow up like a plant in the home of our God.[4]

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雒魏林父親給他回的信，對他的信仰給予他極大的鼓勵。

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Mr Lockhart

Mr Smith’s

Market Place

Bangor

South Wales

July 29^th 1831

I wish to employ part of my paper in writing about religion. What hinders me more than any thing else from speaking to you, is , that you often see many inconsistencies in my conduct, which although they are bitterly repented if in private, are not surely sufficiently striven against or they would not be so often repented, but I assure you it is so easy matter to get the better of tempers and feelings which by long habit are become part of our nature. And those Scriptures which represent the Christian life as a race, a warfare and a toilsome journey are strictly true in the experience of those who any thing of their own deceitful hearts. But don’t. my dear brother let any prospect of the difficulties of the way prevent you from setting out on pilgrimage to the heavenly city. There is a joy and peace in believing in Christ and serving him which altogether overbalances every difficulty. And it is only our own carelessness and indifference that ever make us unhappy in religion. Sometimes I have thought you had begun to seek God, and indeed I cannot help hoping now that it is so, but my dear brother do make a thorough work of it, and never rest till you know in whom you believe.

God has told us to give him no rest till he make Jerusalem a praise in the earth and surely we may pray and entreat and give him no rest till our own soul is saved. Oh William be decided, you have any things that occupy your attention, don’t nigle at the most important of all. Begin at the beginning of religion, at the foot of the cross, at the feet of Saviour, don’t let him go till he bless you, which he will do most assuredly, for none were ever cast out that came to him.

I would be very glad to write to you occasionally even when you are at home if you would  like it, and would sometime write to me;... Let us talk together of these things: it would help us both, and God has a book of remembrance written before for them who fear him and think on his name in connection with the mention of this book it is said they that feared the Lord spoke often one to another. I would say much more but have no more room . One thing I must say pray earnestly, read the Scriptures with an earnest desire that the Spirit any enlighten your heart to understand them and you will not pray and read in vain.

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11 March 1833

My dear son,

.......

In serving the God, -- as the vows of God are upon you, let it be your chief care to perform them; for you know “it were better you shd not vow, than that you shd vow and not pay” Eccles 5.5 -- the frequent surrender of ourselves to God, when it is deliberately and cordially done, is a blessed means to invigorate and increase the holiness of our life, -- how happy are they that have God for their father, how gracious will he be to them that are his adopted sons and daughters, their Father is an everlasting covenant Psl 144.15 -- God’s children have his choicest affections; he has a love of benevolence to all his creatures, but the hath a love of complacem.. to them. It is an everlasting love Jer. 31.3 it is an unspeakable and inexpressible love -- God’s children are under his constant protection in the time of trouble. He will hide them in his pavillions in the secret of this tabernacle will he hide them, he will set them upon a Rock: upon such a rock where neither Men nor devils can come to ruin them Psal 27.5 In a word his mercy and his goodness shall compass them round about God’s children are the objects of his special blessings they are “the seed which the Lord has blessed” Isa 61.9 whatever they have whether it be little or much, prosperity or adversity, yet they have a blessing with it; the Lord will bless his people with peace. The lord bless thee my dear son, and keep thee, the Lord make his face shine upon thee, and be gracious unto thee, the Lord lift up his countenance upon thee and give thee peace, (Numb 10.24) “the Lord watch between me and thee, when we are absent one from another” Gen 31.49 --

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3 June 1833

My Dear Son,

It rejoiced us all to find by your letter of the 27 last that you were well and going on well; my prayer to God for you is that the spiritual benefits He is bestowing upon you may be blessed to the edification of your soul and your professional studies successful so that you may be a blessing to the Church of Christ and to all your connections.

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Mr W Lockhart

Mrs McCornack

14 Camden Street

Dublin

4^th july 1833

My dear Son,

.......

My dear william, in dependance upon the help of God, let your religious principles be accompanied with steady resolutions. Temptations and difficulties unknown before attend every new scene of life, which soon overcome the unprepared and irresolute mind, but if you discern the hook as well as the bait, and consider the consequences as well as the incentives to evil, by the Grace of the God Jesus Christ you may escape -- pious meditation is a branch of true religion, much of the temper of our thoughts, sometimes we may turn our meditations into ejaculatory prayers and addresses to heaven such as that of the Messiah “Remember me, oh my God for good”. Nehem 13-31 and “Lord I am thine save me” Psal 119 and the like; these when you feel the guilt of sin to press you or the sense of mercy to afflict you, or any dificulty or danger to affright you, you will be a present ... To your spirit, these sethods ..... Men have often taken to good purpose.

........

Your very affectionate Father S. Lockhart

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Mr W Lockhart

Mrs M’ Cormick’s

74 Camden Street

Dublin

August 1^st 1833

Dear William,

........

Do you not find it difficult in the midst of business or amusement to maintain a constant rememberance of Christ in your heart? I do. -- Oh how yet to carry about in our body his dying is the way to have his life made manifest in our mortal flesh -- to remember him is the best means to grow like him .

Every place has its snares(?), business and pleasure steal away the mind if we remit(?) our watch -- The courtry is so beautiful that nothing seems needed to render this earth paradise but the absence of sin, this evil hateful thing taints everything --. As it may be some time before you hear from me again, I send you my warmest affection my most cordial love I cannot tell you how much I love you.

.......

Your ever loving sister E Lockhart

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Mr Lockhart

Mrs Hayward

18 Maze Pond

Borough

London

8 Octr 1833

My very dear Son,

And now my Dear Son remember that all the Saints of God were strangers in the foreign country of this world, foreign indeed to the heirs of glory! They confessed themselves pilgrims and sojourners, without any possession, but a burying place. And remember (for it is worthy to be engraved with the point of a diamond upon your heart for ever!) that He who made the whole world and therefore best knew its true value, chose to have nothing from it -- but its abuse and reproaches. Be strong, therefore my much loved Son, be strong not in yourself, but in the Lord, and in the power of his might, besides frequent ejaculations, whatever you about , to the throne of grace, fail not, at any rate, to steal some protion of each day, for reading, meditation and prayer, read the blessed Book, the fountain of all comfort, and apply by faith to yourself what you meet with there. Digest the heavenly food by meditation, and then turn it into prayer for its accomplishment in you. Forget not a daily examination of the state of your soul, that you may know what temptations are most prevailing, and wrestle with the Angel of the covenant for a blessing on your endeavours to overcome them. When you are perplexed with doubt,fear and anxiety, look up to heaven and see Jesus standing at the right hand of God. That this same Jesus, who is ever ready to succour them that are tempted, having been tempted himself with all the kingdom of the world and the glory of them -- that he may preserve you unhurt and unspotted in the midst of this evil and adulterous generation, and present you faultless in the Robes od this perfect righteousness, before the presence of his Father with exceeding joy -- is a prayer offered up in the same earnestness of supplication, with which he prays for his own soul, by, my dearest son.

Your very affectionate father S Lockhart

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在一些信中，雒魏林姐姐也會給予他鼓勵和督促他去參加宗教活動和傳教士大會。

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Mr W Lockhart

Dublin

May 24^th 1833

My Dear William,

........

Did you make any arrangement about your own missionary(?) subscription? Send word if it is due that Father may pay it -- I think Charlie has collected your other subscriptions. I suppose Dublin is busy with the May Religious Anniversaries. Our Bill Society Meeting is held to night.

.........

Your affectionate sister Eliza

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Mr W lockhart

Mrs M’Cormick

74 Camden St

Dublin

June 30 1833

My Dear Brother,

........

Mr Scott says many desire the joys and glories of heaven, but few are willing to fight the good fight of faith? And do you remember the House Beautiful, how the table was furnished with fat things and wines well refined, and all the talk was about the Lord of the hill, as namely about what he had done, and why he did it, which talk made them to love him the more. He is a great lover of poor Pilgrims, yea his love passeth... After this Christian lay in a large upper chamber which opened toward the sun-rising, the name of the chamber was Peace where he slept till break of day and then awoke and sang where am I now? Is this the love and care of Jesus(?) for the men who pilgrims are thus to provide! That I should be forgives and dwell already nextdoor to heaven! How very happy religion makes us when we enter fully into the spirit of it but all depends on that, I am not able to answer your question, as to the relation that the fall or the resistance have to one another, but I think that by yielding we fall lower, than by resisting we rise high. Still it says blessed is the man that endureth and successfully resisteth temptation, and a reward is promised to then that overcome.

........

Your warmly affectionate sister Eliza Lockhart

--------------------------------------------------------------Mr W Lockhart

London

November 15^th 1833

My dear brother,

........

Have you been to any Sunday Schools? Have you heard Andrew Read yet? Edard Parke has not called which I think is very ill natured of him, he was a Chapel but I was sitting with the children -- Your are a good boy for giving me such a particular account of your doings -- but really people might be ill for the mere purpose of giving knowledge to young doctors -- what is googd for people that are costive! When you write tell me every thing about yourself nothing is so interesting to me -- I hope Mr Binny’s ministry will be helpful to you, and that you may daily grow in grace and the knowledge of jesus Christ.

........

Your truly affectionate sister Eliza Lockhart

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Mr W Lockhart

December 4^th 1833

My dear Willie,

.........

I am glad you like Mr Binney, do you attend the week night meetings? You perhaps have not time. We had an excellent sermon from Mr Breaze on Sunday -- from Romans 8 - 3-4 -- Last Sunday but one wen went to St Jude’s and heard a most useful sermon by Hugh M’Neile. It was on the unction of the Holy Spirit typified by the oil with which the Jewish priests were anointed. He spoke of all believers being a holy priesthood to offer up spiritual sacrifices, and that their daily business if rightly performed are holy to the Lord -- He spoke more of the hopes and present happiness of Christians than Mr Kelly does usually and made thereby religion appear most delightful; He seemed to allure the unconverted rather than drive them.

.........

Your most affectionately E Lockhart

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Mr W Lockhart

Mrs Hayward’s

18 Maze Pond

Boro

London

December 26th 1833

My dear brother,

.........

I have been reading the life of Cuvier(?), he was very sensible as well as clever, do you think he was really pious? He speaks of loving God but id is rather with the regard of a smiles(?) being towards excellence than the gratitude and ardent affection of a poor sinner towards his redeemer who was crucified for his transgressions. We have reason to fear that the cross is a stumbling block to many worthy decent respectable person ......... I have been re-reading your old favourite Philip Colville and was struck with the manifest superiority of the religion of that period over our own. They lived but for Christ -- but we occupy ourselves with this world -- Its smiles are alluring it daily presents some new object to attract us... Engage our attention, but we must live in it... Yet above it, remembering the time is short, can you realise the idea of eternity? I cannot -- it seems so totally distinct, so deffirent from all our views in this life; here we act and work and study but always or at least often thinking shall I live to finish this or gain any benefit from it? But in another state, oh that it may be a happy one, the end can never enter our thoughts for there shall be none. Years roll away and bear us rapidly on the eternity. This year has fled swiftly, but I have not liked it so well because you have been absent. You must not think of going abroad, you must stay here with you Daddy and me.

.........

Your loving sister, Eliza Lockhart

雒魏林在信中也談到自己屬靈生命的成長經歷。

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Mr Lockhart

Costom House

Liverpool

March 18^th 1833

My Dear Father,

........

I heard his preach yesterday morning and was very much pleased with him. His text was “Yield yourselves unto God” you can imagine the view he took of it and in speaking of the necessity of obeying God thoroughly -- he brought forward the shinning instance of Saul’s defection in the ... Of the Amalekites and the awful consequences which he brought upon himself from his not obeying the command to the very utmost。

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Miss Lockhart

Liverpool

April 1^st 1833

I was yesterday reading in the life of M Henry that part when he was studying in “Gray’s Inn” there are one or two letters given which passed between him and his Father they were very applicable to my own condition and indeed strongly reminded me of my obligation and absence from home -- in a letter to a friend he says “It would be a very reasonable... Enough when we are entering either into duty or temptation to lift up our.... These words Thou God sent me” and indeed what a caution should... to us at all times to think that God sees us in all our doings -- He knows all our failings and whether our thoughts and actions are conformed to his will and yet what and comfort it is to a Christian to know that his heavenly Father is always keeping watch over him to guard and direct him and should it not make in us constant watchfulness and prayer lest in anything we displease our merciful but still righteous God -- You very justly remark how happily we have lived together here -- but i trust that our happiness may not be confined to this world but that we may have the unspeakable joy of being all united together as a family of love in the Kingdom of our Lorad and Saviour and Oh may we live as we shall wish we had done when we come to die, what a comfort it is to know that God is always present while absent from earthly friends we can constantly draw near to Him in prayer and so have His assurance that he will bot reject our poor sinners prayer if offered in sincerity and in truth -- how pleasant it is while alone in body to draw high to Him -- and commit ourselves to his kind protection. May he keep me from vanity and from making a mere profession of attachment to his name while my heart is far fro him may he direct my steps into the way of peace.

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Mr Lockhart

April 19^th 1833

My Dear Father,

........

You very truly remark what poor weak creatures we are without the blessing of God in all our undertakings -- but yet how delightful it is to know that He has promised his support to all that come unto him in sincerity and truth -- I was much struck with a remark I saw in a little book at Mr Kirkpatricks a short time since it was upon the frequent repetition in Scripture of the words -- “as the Lord liveth” -- “thus saith the Lord” showing that... Man may plan and lay out schemes for his worldly affairs it is God aloe that worketh and causeth it to prosper -- and in this case how plaintly is it our urgent duty in all our undertakings to supplicate his blessing -- who alone is able to guide and direct.

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Mr Lockhart

Gill Street

Liverpool

Nov. 5^th 1833

My dear Father,

........

Mr B preached a very good sermon last Sabbath moving from part of the 41^st of Isaiah showing the dependance of man upon God and how manifestly his strength was made perfect in their weakness for though Jacob was but as a worm in His sight yet by His Almighty power he stands.... The mountain, and scatters them before the winds -- then of the consolation which He affords to those who are humble and needy in His sight -- “the Lord will hear them The God of Israel will not forsake them”.

Your very affectionate Son W Lockhart

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Miss Lockhart

Feby 3^rd 1834

My dear sister,

.......

What a very wrong idea it is of people and ... Christians to be always speaking of the world (I mean the earth not the people in it) as if it were a dungeon full of gloom and as a wildness without enjoyment whereas it is no such thing -- As Mr binney said a few weeks ago “it was most beautiful and lovely and all calculated for happiness but it was man’s sin that brought the pollution the all glorious works of God and has stained it with iniquity” and even in its present state what glory there is in all its parts and how adapted to make us admire the God who could create such a place as a residence for man -- I really think we do not admire the beauties of our earth sufficiently and praise God as we ought for the beauties of the place he has created for our use -- Mr Kirkpatrick and a friend of his and I were going one Sunday evening to a village near Dublin and he made the remark that he was sure we should love God more if we looked to him more through his works of Creation for they are all glorious in heir beauty and made to lead us to Him -- When looking at a beautiful landscape we do not sufficiently think who made it and what did He make it for, but that we might enjoy it and glorify Him for his bounty.

........

What a striking description it is of life of man in his journey through life as to the temptations they fall into the various accurences that happen to him, how clearly does it shoe the dependence of man upon God in all his doings - for when they trusted in Him they went forward victoriously rejoicing in peace an plenty but when they trusted in themselves and departed from Him they fell into all manner of sin and brought upon themselves great punishment with great distress and sorrow what a beautiful description is given of the cloud that guide them by day -- directed them in all their journeys overshadowed and shields them form the heat of the sun and led them onwards to the promised land and then by night was a pillar of fire to give them light and genial warmth to show them that it was right God had not departed from them but was still an ever present father and leader to them and that his glory was still in the midst of them to bless them -- and as He was always present with them as is He also to us if we in sincerity and huminity look up to Him by faith yesterday was just one year since I joined the church and made a proffesion of attachment to my Lord; Oh, May it not be a mere profession without the living principle of love to God but may I live to serve in truth and may my life be one of devotion to Him in all things and at all times -- the past has indeed been a year of unnumbered blessing He bestowed upon me and may He direct in all my ways for Jesus Christ sake for in Him only is there anything to keep me from sin and eternal death.

........

Your affectionate brother W Lockhart

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March 10^th 1834

My dear sister,

........

He resented a very good sermon on the 14&15 exodus 33nd on the presence of the lord accompanying his people in all their ways, you can imagine the kind of sermon it would be -- he introduced the circumstance under which the above words were uttered and showed how necessary God’s presence was to christians to guide and keep them on the right path and towards the conclusion in reference to his expected journey he saud that he could not tell whether it was for his own welfare and Gods glory but he should be preserved from danger -- continued in health and returned to his people again in life -- and he knew certainly that it was for his own church(?) welfare and for the honour and glory of God and that for which he might constantly pray that his presence might to with him, that spiritual strength might be vouchsafed unto Him and that He would guide and direct all his paths. He is to be away 7 months -- his church are very sorry to part with him, but ir is hoped that he will be a means of doing good and bringing some very valuable information with him when he returns -- there is a very good school at his church thet have about 120 boys and as many girls and all in very good order, the super... Was very ... In giving me all the information respecting it that I wanted -- it is a very large chapel indeed and is always well filled indeed all a.. Chapel in London have very large congregations and our body is as if not m... Numerous than any other I believe.

........

Your most loving brother W Lockhart

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1. B. Lockhart Esqr

41 Gill Street

Liverpool

April 30 1832

My dear father,

.........

I hope that I shall feel gratitude to my God for giving me His blessing so abundantly and that he will in this day of my prosperity make me more humble that I may know myself -- that I shall not be led to think I have succeeded by own power and might -- but ascribe it all to His strength and mercy bestowed upon me -- for what mercies have I not to thank him -- for the preservation of life and health during my stay here -- and my professional success before and at the present time -- Lord keep me from pride and vain glory for Christ’s sake and make thy goodness to me a means of Spiritual advancement and of making me more useful to my fellow men -- I prayed earnestly for success in both my examinations -- if it should be according to His will to grant and if it would prove beneficial to my spiritual welfare and hope that I was enable to commit myself sincerity to His gracious keeping to do that for me which He knew to be best for my soul far better were it. -- that I should have been deprived of both than that they should lead me astray from Him. -- it is hard to clear all apparent consequences from ones mind in case of failure but I trust and Oh! May I not be d... In my profession -- that humble and earnest supplication through the Jesus Christ was a means whereby I was enable to commit myself to His care and guidance without reserve -- Dear father pray for me that I may not be led away and God will give me a heart to serve Him in All things for ever -- I was looking for a Chapter in my Bible this morning -- and thought that 144 Psalm suited my present condition as expression of praise to the Giver of all good -- may I be enabled to apply it.

當雒魏林決定加入倫敦會，前往中國傳教，進入神學院預備學習的時候，他父親和姐姐都給予了鼓勵和祝福。

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Mr W Lockhart

Mrs Hayward 18 Maze Pond

Borough

London

May 1^st 1834

My dear dear brother,

I cannot express the joy and delight just afforded us by your letter -- Gratitude to God and love to you and sympathy with father, and my own joy have filled my heart......... Dear William may your career be as prosperous as your preparatory studies have been. You have had the blessing to God surely, if you did not fear Him all your honours would be as nothing, but they are now sanctified and devoted to Christ -- Oh I trust you will be long spared to be very useful in his Church.

.........

Your affectionate sister E Lockhart

My dear Son,

I do from my soul thank our covenant keeping God and Father for his great goodness to you, and for blessing me with such a Son, you have been and are a blessing to me, and I pray God to take you into his holy keeping and fit and prepare you for every situation of life in which he shall think proper to place you. I daily pray for you that God may fill you with His Spirit and cloth... With his blessing.

...........

Your most affectionate father S Lockhart

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雒魏林決定去中國傳教，是受到當時從中國返回倫敦的倫敦會傳教士麥都思的影響。當時，雒魏林在倫敦參加了倫敦會為麥都思舉辦的一場佈道會，認識了麥都思夫婦，受到感召，決定赴中國傳教。可以從一封信件中得以輔證。

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Mr W Lockgart

Care of Mr S. B. Lockhart

41 Gill St

Liverpool

Apl 7 1838

My dear sir,

..........

You have I am persuaded been led in the right way and by better than human counsel in decision that may have come to appointing you a missionary to China. Indeed though I deemed it right to express myself as I did when you asked my advice, I had no question as to what would ultimately prove to be your course. Go forth, therefor, my dear friend with a cheerful and vigorous heart believing that God has called you to serve him among the heathen -- wait upon him in prayer, and work for him with energy and industry, and be assured you will find no lack of ability, however low your own estimate of your powers may be or however great the labours and difficulties may prove that are before you.

I am happy that you know and like Mr and Mrs Medhurst. Their acquaintance will of course be of much advantage variously. I also congratulate you on your dear father and sister being brought to acquiesce in your going.

.........

Your most faithfully

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• 初入中國

雒魏林隨麥都思夫婦前往中國傳教，其時正逢鴉片戰爭前夕。西方傳教士主要在廣東、澳門、香港和南洋一帶活動。雒魏林曾隨英國遠征軍到達過浙江沿海的舟山和寧波。雒魏林主要在廣東和澳門從事醫療活動，並在舟山定海建了一座小醫院。在此期間，他認識了凱瑟琳，並相愛結婚。所以，這個階段以後，家族通信中，除了雒魏林的往來信件外，還有凱瑟琳與雒魏林父親和姐姐的通信。

在遇到困難的時候，雒魏林切切禱告，完全依靠主的力量，順服主的安排。

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Single

S.B. Lockhart Seqr

41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Aug. 30^th 1839

My dear father and sister,

.........

Monday 25^th -- Early in the morning went again to my house to pack up some medicines to take with me, for if things here continue unsettled I purpose going down to Java and to go on with my work there, till I return to China if it be the Lord’s will.

.........

My own purpose, is to go at once to Java, there to study the language with Mr Medhurst for should the English return to Macao, I could do nothing. Teachers will not dare to come to us -- and my time is too valuable to be wasted, I must work while the day is given me and not be idle in my master’s service.

..........

Sabbath September 1^st we had service on board in the morning,but the remainder of the day was not fully to me, what a Sabbath ought to be, for every thing is in such an unsettle state, that I could hardly but feel disturbed myself, however I did get a little quiet in the evening, which was of service to me -- Sept. 2^nd how welcome to me at the present time is the return of this day on which friends afar off, are joining in prayer for me, that I may be led on, in my course by the hand of the Lord, and kept ever trusting and relying upon Him only. -- Though all things in regard to missionary labours, are put a stop to for the present moment, I can look on, with ansye(?) of faith and fully believe that, the Lord is working in these matters for the spiritual good of China and that He will cause present confusion and agitation to issue in peace and to tend to the advancement of his kingdom in this nation.

----------------------------------------

1. B. Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao April 23 1841

My dear father and sister,

..........

I have not yet heard, however I fear there can be no doubt of the sad loss and must do sorrow for their deaths, for they were both dear to me and for many reasons I was much ... Towards John, I have said more in my other letters, but should this reach you first -- give my kindest regards to the whole family and the assurance that I sympathise most deeply with them in this heavy affliction -- and yet it is a blessing to feel that our heavenly father... All things... And whether he trieth us by sickness, bereavement or otherwise it is ever for our spiritual benefit to draw us nearer to himself as children to a father.

.........

But in all circumstances whether we stay here or go away to another place I hope the blessing of God will be with us and he our stay and confidence, and that one way be kept humble at the foot of cross, and may grace be ever bestowed so that we may always work for him who hath done so much for us.

..........

Yours affectionately, W Lockhart

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Chusan -Jany 25^th 1841

1. B. Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Jany 19 1841

My dear father and sister,

.......

May the Lord watch over you always, and keep you in all four(?)ways, and may we all love them more, live more in his service, be more humble and lowly in his sight and keep close to him in prayer, and then should we not meet again on earth, we shall all be made members of one family in Heaven above.

.........

Your most affectionately W Lockhart

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1. B. Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao April 23 1841

My dear father and sister,

..........

But in all circumstances whether we stay here or go away to another place I hope the blessing of God will be with us and he our stay and confidence, and that one way be kept humble at the foot of cross, and may grace be ever bestowed so that we may always work for him who hath done so much for us.

..........

Yours affectionately, W Lockhart

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1. B. Lockhart

No 41 Gill street

Liverpool

Macao May 4-10^th

My dear father and sister,

...........

As soon as I know what has been effected as Amor I rather think I shall God willing proceed thither of course taking Kate with me, for as circumstances can be much worse than those in which all ... Pl... Ar chusan for a time, and yet Mr G’s family managed well enough and I know that she will not care for the trifling inconveniences that,,, accompany journeying movements so that she can be useful among those of her own sex in this land -- you must not think me wild and fond of wandering for entering upon this species of itinerary for it is not 21. I have ... ... ... About by circumstances and shall not engage on this new enterprise unless I see my way... Ably clear before me and that I have a prospect of usefulness before me... -- I trust that should I go to the north I shall be protected by Him in whom I trust who hath kept me hitherto and that he will watch over me in all my way, I rely on him only and look to him for ... In my work and He has promised his aid to those who truly seek it, to him let us always look and on him ever rely with humble confidence and the promise shall not be in vain.

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1. B. Lockhart

41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao May 20 1841

My dear father and sister,

.........

My the lord direct you to do that which is right in his sight and do all for his... And glory in all things and you will find peace and joy is lollowing the path you decide on, in the spirit of prayer and dependence on him; and whether you stay or go, be ever active in his service, and He will direct you in your course.

........

Your affectionately W Lockhart

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1. B, Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao June 8 1841

My dear father and sister,

.........

How much better and happier it is to live in peace and good feeling with all around -- I find this more and more every day and that we are all more useful as we determine by God’s grace to bear and forbear with the faults of others. There are times when for principle we must make a stand and a firm one too, but... And gentleness ought to be our weapon and they will prevail and if as we love God more, so will these increase and grow in our hearts.

.........

But oh how grieved was I to hear of Mr Wainwright’s death, I am very much affected by this intelligence for I feel closely bound to him and a chord is broken, the rememberance of which will not ever pass away, thus have two of my dearest friends John Blackburn and Mr Wainwright been removed in so short a time and both cut down in the midst of usefulness. However in both cases I doubt not the change is for their eternal interest and that now they are before the throne of God, may survivors hence born to watch and pray and may we all be ready even as men that wait for their Lord lest he come to us suddenly.

..........

How different are our respective position in the world, both I hope useful in our blessed Master’s service, yet I would not change stations with any one, true they will have all things and abound while I have but the means for the day, still I was never so happy as since I came to China and since I left you I can truly say I have never wished to return to what was once my home, my work is here and my joys and happiness too. Oh that I might do more for him who is so good to me, if it please Him that I continue long in this field and be useful in ... Sound to him. It is well, but if he see otherwise regarding me and should remove me hence I trust all will still he well and that I shall change my joys on earth, for the joys of heaven.

.........

Yours most affectionately W Lockhart

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1. B.Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao June 16 1841

My dear father and sister,

........

I am very sorry indeed to hear of Mr Wainwright’s death and deeply sympathise with Mrs W on the sad event, and thus have my two dearest friends been removed in so short time, however we are all hastening on and soon shall we be in that land where sorrow and sighing are done away -- may we then be kept... The... Of grace and preserved(?) for the day of our appearing before him -- may we be saved trough the Blood of Christ and made heirs of eternal life -- And we ought not only to secure the welfare of our own souls but seek for the good of others. This principle is too much lost sight of by all Christians at home need to much excitement they can.... Contribute of their means or work for others in many cases without excitement -- others also make a great deal too much of their coming out as missionaries it is as it were a rending asunder if every tie and as if a person were giving himself up to death, this is not right people ought to aid from the urgency there id of per...

The Gospel to the heathen and men ought to be found ready to go and not make so much ado about it -- depend upon it this exce... Is no sign of ...., and while the flame of zeal must ever be kept alive and fed, still the mere knowledge that there are multitudes living away from God, ought alone to stir men’s minds within them and lead them to enter on the work.

........

Yours affectionately William Lockhart

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1. B. Lockhart Esqr

41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao Nov 12^th 1841

My dear father and sister,

.........

But while war is around us, we must exercise faith in God, live near unto Him and He will in his own time and way -- show forth his power and work for the benefit of this people one thing is clear China cannot now be what it has for a long time been a closed country -- it must open and that soon its exclusiveness will per force be done away and may the Gospel find entrance into the hearts of the people.

..........

Your most affectionately, W Lockhart.

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1. B. Lockhart Esqr

No 41 Gill Street

Liverpool

Macao Dec 3 1841

My dear father and sister,

.........

I am not able at this distance, to render you the personal services as your only son that I ought to do, but you have given me to the Lord and He who is one Heavenly Father will bless and comfort you and be your staff and stay continually and that the blessing of the Highest may ever rest upon you and grant you much peace and joy in serving him and that we(?) may your comfort and consolation is my dear Father, the constant and fervent of your far distant, though much affectionate son and daughter.

.........

Lord will be with us and cause his presence to go with us and lead us into situations where we may useful in his service and do his work for the welfare of souls.

............

Yours most affectionately, W Lockhart

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雒魏林的父親和姐姐在信中，一方面關心他的生活和工作，給他寄來了很多生活必需品，另一方面也在信仰上給予鼓勵，堅定他的信心。

---------------------------------------------------------------

W Lockhart Esquire

Macao Hospital

China

Jan 7 1841

My very dear son,

.........

By it, I was anxious to have one because I perceive there was a battle at Macao between the British and the Chinese, the events now taking place in China are look’d upon with great interest, the finger of God’s providence is at this moment pointing many eyes to China, -- Its present condition is one of deep interest, both from the occurrent cirsumstances themselves, and from the mighty consequences which they involve. There is much in the present movement to attract the gaze of the world and there is more to draw the attention of the Christian and to call forth his prayer. It has been forbidden ground. -- it is not easy to foresee what may be the effects of the present hostilities upon missions to China. In all likelihood they will throw the country more open and render our missionary settlement more secure. The cry of the millions of China is “come over and help us”. And God seems now to be seconding this cry by opening a door and preparing a way for the entrance of the gospel into these, the most impenetrable of Satan’s fastnesses. -- if British merchants are suspense for the issue of the present contest and eagerly expecting new avenues of commerce shall British Christians be less awake, less anxious, less prepared? The warrior, the merchant, the diplomatists, are nothing, save as the breakers up of a way for the entrance of the Bible and the missionary. When they have served this purpose they are laid by as useless, but the missionary with the Bible in his hand is to be God’s special agent to work His gracious designs for long neglect China.

.........

Father, S Lockhart

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• 上海時期

在上海期間，雒魏林也遇到很大的困難，包括語言不通、氣候不適應，水土不服等問題。但是對他最大的打擊要算是他親愛的女兒lizzie的夭折。通過這段時間的書信，我們能深切地感受到其屬靈生命深處的感動。

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Shanghai July 3 1844

My dear Father and Sister,

........

You will see by Kates letter that we are at Shanghai at last and hope in a few days to be settled in our own house, which is now undergoing various repairs and alterations and when finished will be a comfortable abode. And we hope if it be the Lord’s will to remain in this place, to continue our work, and not move away for many years -- may grace be given to us rightly to improve all the talents we possess to the glory of God, may health and strength and every blessing be our lot and portion and may we work with zeal and fruitfulness in the cause of Christ.

..........

I suppose it is now more that a month since you heard of the death of dear Lizzie, I feel that all is well regarding that dear child and that the Lord hath done that which is best for her and for us, but it is sad indeed to have no child on earth, true we have her in heaven and shall see her again, but her laughing face and merry smile are ...ting in our family circle and sadly do we feel her removal, yet grace hath been given us to hear our affliction and we have been enable to resign our child in to the Lord’s hands, may the trail be blessed to our souls and we be made meet for the inheritance of the saints in heaven. Mrs Brown’s 2^nd child an infant son was very ill according to last letters and we fear that she will not live, almost all our families have been much tried during the last few months, may these things be blessed to us all. -- A wide field is now open before us in China, the door hath been burst asunder that formerly obstructed us, may this be prelude to lighter days for the kingdom of Christ, may the hearts of his people be opened to secure the truth and we be blessed in S..... Many Chinese, become Holy men of God, relying in Jesus as their friend and confidence, I think you said Eliza in a letter a long time ago, when shall we see a John H... In China, may we live to see many such, very pious devoted children of the kingdom.

..........

Your very affectionately W Lockhart

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Shanghai May 14 1844

My dear father and sister,

.........

We are glad to find that you also had been comforted for the loss of our dear Lizzie, we feel her loss very much, but she is happy now, and we are resigned to the will of God, she was a blessing to us and is do still, her little life was not in vain, if it has brought her parents nearer to God.

.........

Yours affectionately W Lockhart

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Shanghai June 15 1844

My dear father and sister,

........

I had a slight attack of intermittent(?) a few days ago, but I am thankful to say I am now quite well again. -- We have got into our own house at last and it is a very comfortable place, we are well pleased with it. -- may we long labour in this neighbourhood for the welfare of souls and be successful in what we do for the glory of God.

.........

I am very much gratified in having him at the same station with my dear friend Mr M -- I esteem him highly and consider it a privilege to be with him and work with him for the cause of Christ, we have long desired to be together and God has granted our wish, may he bless all the means we adopt for the persecution of our work.

........

June 17^th yesterday the Jany and Feby letters arrived they affected us very much in the account they give us of your feelings regarding the death of our beloved Lizzie, we know how deeply you would grieve for her death but that sweet voice that used in play to try to imitate us at family worship in singing is now singing His praise in Heaven and her little hand has indeed grasped the Palm of victory -- and while we still sorrow over our loss, yet praise be His name for he does all things well.

.........

Yours affectionately W Lockhart

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Shanghai Nov 5^th 1844

My dear father and sister,

.........

Thank you my dear father for having our darling’s name inscribed on your tomb stone and you dear Eliza for the pretty lines you have chosen, we like them very much. -- You will know our dear child in a brighter world, and we shall recognise her as a bright pure holy spirit, which has never actually been stained with the sins of this earthly sphere, we are all pilgrims, and must each one be found sooner or later at the end of our journey -- and we have a sure hope of promise which enables us to say “We shall need to pant no more” -- ......... Do not grieve my dear sister , nor you my dear father either -- and I do not think you you do -- let us be content to wait very patiently for the meeting together which you speak of -- for we know that all is already appointed, and yet we cannot possibly tell whether it is nor is not to be -- our heavenly father we know careth for us and will bless us, at and in all events.

.........

Your affectionately daughter and sister, Catharine Lockhart

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• 北京時期

這批書信中，關於北京時期的不多。關於其信仰生命的只有兩封，暫錄於下：

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{57}

Peking Oct 4 1851

My dear Eliza,

.........

I was afraid to say much about my journey to Peking, lest I should not get here, but now that I am here I rejoice in ti abundantly and hope by God’s blessing to begin Protestant Missions in this place -- I must work up my degrees, for I expect to be jealously watched may I have wisdom equal to my day.

Your loving brother W Lockhart

{59}

Peking Dec 2 1861

My dear brother and sister,

.........

I hope he may yet regain his proper place -- for I do not think his proper place is at the bottom of the ladder -- may he yet come out as gold tried in the furnace -- he sinned, may he find truly repented of his sin and turn to Him who receiveth sinners -- Christ came not to call the righteous but sinners to repentance. - so may his light yet shine and he be regained I have never thought him wholly lost -- he was lead away, but not destroyed.

........

My work goes on well -- my plan succeeds to my intent wish -- I have by God’s blessing made a good start and notwithstanding people comforting me -- that I should probably not succeed as Peking was different to other places -- that I could not stop there -- that I could not get a house that I should have difficulty in making people to come to me -- that I had no one to help me and some kindly pitied me -- To all this I just turned a deaf ear and said that I did not usually make a mess of thing -- that I usually did succeed and that I was determined by Gods help to succeed.

.........

Your affectionately brother, W Lockhart

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• 結论

尽管有人會說，他首先是一个医生，然後才是一位传教士。他的传教活动与其说是一种宗教行为，不如说基本上是一种人道主义。他的生活目标第一位的，重中之重的是要给那些成千上万的前来找他的人提供服务，帮助他们解除身體上的痛苦，而且这些服务是免费的，不求回报的，也不分种族贵贱的，不管他们是欧洲人还是中国人，穷人还是富人，基督徒还是非基督徒，对所有的人都一视同仁。他竭尽所能的满足他们身体治疗的需要，也愿意试图劝说他们接受他所提供的宗教信仰上的治疗。这些同样给予他勇气和精力支持他从事医疗工作。

但是，通過以上我們簡單地梳理，不難發現，他的信仰给了他一种动力用一生去承担做一个传教士的责任。说到他有高度的屬靈生命，这是毫无疑问的。出生在一个虔誠的基督教家庭，以圣经为中心的环境中长大，他也會自觉地用自己的方式来实践基督教的精神。在他18岁的时候，基督教精神成为塑造他的生活和性格的中心支柱。他是一个虔誠的人，而且完全相信：通过耶稣基督（Jesus Christ），每个人都可以找到自己的救赎之路。每一个成功和每一个不幸都来自上帝的安排，如果我们能聽上帝的話語，遵循上帝的道，就会离上帝越来越近，與上帝的關係越來越密切。而且在最后，他还相信在上帝的面前，会和所有亲人团聚。

倫敦會醫療傳教士雒魏林屬靈生命給我們的啟示是，作為一位傳教士，他不僅有“屬世”的世俗生活和事工（雖然也是為彰顯和榮耀上帝而做）；還有“屬靈”的一面，就是基督徒和傳教士與上帝的關係。屬靈的關係對基督徒看來這個世界和在世俗社會中所作的事工有直接的影響，也是基督徒與非基督徒的一個“特殊”的區別。所以，在我們對近代來中國傳教士的研究中，不僅要關注他們在中國社會做了哪些事工，建立了多少學校、醫院、培養了多少學生、救治了多少病人，對中國近代社會的發展做出了多大貢獻；更為重要的，還要研究他們在中國大地上的屬靈信仰和見證。正是這種信仰才是他們在中國大地上撒種奉獻的中心支柱，這種美好的見證也是一種寶貴的精神財富。

[1] Alan P. Hughes，《Dr. William Lockhart, 1811-1896, Medical Misionary to China》，未刊稿。

[2] Alexander Wylie，Memorials of Protestant missionaries to the Chinese, pp.112-113.

[3] Alan P. Hughes，《Dr. William Lockhart, 1811-1896, Medical Misionary to China》，未刊稿。

[4] 從信件轉錄，未及譯成中文。信件中有些字詞或有脫落，不清。但不影響完整的意義。